Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zveANSI, ISO, uye ASTM zvemabheringi?

Mitemo yehunyanzvi, seyeASTM yekuisa mabheringi iyo inotsanangura kuti ndeipi resipi yesimbi yekushandisa, inobatsira vagadziri kugadzira chigadzirwa chakafanana.

 

Kana wakambotsvaga mabheyaringi paindaneti, ungangove wakasangana netsananguro dzezvigadzirwa nezvekusangana neANSI, ISO, kana ASTM standards. Unoziva kuti zviyero izvi chiratidzo chemhando yepamusoro - asi ndiani akazvigadzira, uye zvinorevei?

 

Mitemo yehunyanzvi inobatsira vese vagadziri nevatengi. Vagadziri vanoishandisa kugadzira nekuyedza zvinhu nezvigadzirwa nenzira yakanyatsoenderana. Vatengi vanoishandisa kuona kuti vari kuwana mhando, zvinodiwa, uye mashandiro avakakumbira.

 

ZVIYERO ZVE ANSI

Sangano reAmerican National Standards Institute, kana kuti ANSI, rine muzinda waro muWashington, DC. Nhengo dzaro dzinosanganisira masangano epasi rose, masangano ehurumende, masangano, nevanhuwo zvavo. Rakavambwa muna 1918 seAmerican Engineering Standards Committee apo nhengo dzeUnited Engineering Society neDhipatimendi reHondo, Navy, neCommerce rehurumende yeUS dzakaungana kuti dzigadzire sangano remitemo.

ANSI haigadziri mwero wehunyanzvi. Asi, inotarisira mwero weAmerica uye inoubatanidza newepasi rose. Inotendera mwero wemamwe masangano, ichiita shuwa kuti munhu wese ari muindasitiri anobvumirana kuti mwero unokanganisa sei zvigadzirwa zvavo nemaitiro avo. ANSI inotendera mwero wainoona wakarurama uye wakavhurika zvakakwana.

ANSI yakabatsira mukutanga sangano reInternational Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Ndiyo mumiriri wepamutemo weISO weUnited States.

ANSI ine mazana ezviyero zvine chekuita nekutakura bhora.

 

ZVIYERO ZVE ISO

Sangano reInternational Standards Organization (ISO) riri muSwitzerland rinotsanangura mitemo yaro se "fomura inotsanangura nzira yakanakisisa yekuita chimwe chinhu." ISO isangano repasi rose rakazvimirira, risiri rehurumende rinogadzira mitemo yepasi rose. Masangano emitemo yenyika zana nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe, seANSI, inhengo dzeISO. ISO yakavambwa muna 1947, mushure mekunge vamiriri vanobva kunyika makumi maviri neshanu vaungana kuronga remangwana remitemo yepasi rose. Muna 1951, ISO yakagadzira mutemo wayo wekutanga, ISO/R 1:1951, uyo wakasarudza tembiricha yekuyera hurefu hwemaindasitiri. Kubva ipapo, ISO yakagadzira mitemo inosvika zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu (25,000) yemaitiro ese anofungidzirwa, tekinoroji, sevhisi, uye indasitiri. Mirairo yayo inobatsira mabhizinesi kuwedzera mhando, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvigadzirwa zvavo nemaitiro ebasa. Kune kunyange nzira yakajairika yeISO yekugadzira kapu yetii!

ISO ine zviyero zvemabheyaringi zvinosvika mazana maviri. Mazana ezvimwe zviyero zvayo (zvakaita sesimbi neceramic) zvinokanganisa mabheyaringi zvisina kunanga.

 

ASTM ZVINOTEVEDZWA

ASTM inomiririra American Society for Testing and Materials, asi sangano iri riri muPennsylvania ikozvino rava ASTM International. Rinotsanangura mwero wehunyanzvi hwenyika pasi rose.

ASTM yakabva munjanji dzemunguva yeIndustrial Revolution. Kusawirirana kwenjanji dzesimbi kwakaita kuti nzira dzechitima dzekutanga dziparare. Muna 1898, chemist Charles Benjamin Dudley akaumba ASTM neboka revainjiniya nevasayendisiti kuti vawane mhinduro yedambudziko iri rine njodzi. Vakagadzira seti yakajairwa yezvinodiwa zvesimbi dzechitima. Mumakore 125 kubva payakavambwa, ASTM yakatsanangura zvinopfuura 12,500 zviyero zvehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa, zvinhu, uye maitiro mumaindasitiri kubva kusimbi dzisina kugadzirwa nepeturu kusvika kuzvigadzirwa zvevatengi.

Chero ani zvake anogona kupinda muASTM, kubva kunhengo dzeindasitiri kusvika kuvadzidzisi nevapi vezano. ASTM inogadzira mitemo yekubvumirana kwekuzvidira. Nhengo dzinosvika pachibvumirano chevanhu vose (kubvumirana) pamusoro pekuti mwero unofanira kunge uri chii. Mitemo iripo kuti chero munhu kana bhizinesi riigamuchire (nekuzvidira) kuti ritungamirire sarudzo dzavo.

ASTM ine mitemo inopfuura 150 ine chekuita nehurongwa hwemabhora uye mapepa ehurukuro.

 

ANSI, ISO, uye ASTM STANDARDS ZVINOKUBATSIRA KUTENGA MABEARING AKANAKA

Mitemo yehunyanzvi inoita kuti iwe nemugadziri wemabheari mutaure mutauro mumwe chete. Paunoverenga kuti bearing yakagadzirwa nesimbi yeSAE 52100 chrome, unogona kutsvaga ASTM A295 standard kuti uzive chaizvo kuti simbi yakagadzirwa sei uye kuti zvinhu zviri mairi ndezvipi. Kana mugadziri akati mabhearing ayo ane tapered roller ndiwo saizi dzakatarwa neISO 355:2019, unoziva chaizvo saizi yauchawana. Kunyangwe mitemo yehunyanzvi ichigona kuva yehunyanzvi zvakanyanya, chishandiso chakakosha chekutaurirana nevatengesi uye kunzwisisa mhando uye magadzirirwo ezvikamu zvaunotenga.Rumwe ruzivo, ndapota shanyirai webhusaiti yedu: www.cwlbearing.com