Nheyo yekushanda uye kupatsanurwa kwemabheyaringi emagineti

 

Simba remaginetiMasisitimu anogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvichienderana nemisimboti yavo yekushanda: Active Magnetic Bearing, Passive Magnetic Bearing, uye Hybrid Magnetic Bearing.

 

Simba remagineti rinoshanda

 

Mabheya emagineti anoshanda anoshandisa simba remagetsi rinodzorwa kuti ribudise shaft inotenderera, iyo inonyanya kuumbwa nemarotor, masolenoid, masensa, macontroller, uye ma amplifiers emagetsi. Masolenoid akaiswa pa stator inosungirirwa mumunda wemagineti unogadzirwa nemagineti akaiswa mu radial symmetry, imwe neimwe ine sensor imwe kana kupfuura kuti irambe ichitarisa shanduko munzvimbo yeshaft. Kubuda kwesignali kubva ku sensor, nerubatsiro rwe electronic control system, kunogadzirisa magetsi kuburikidza ne electromagnet, kuitira kuti idzore kukwezva kwe electromagnet, kuitira kuti shaft inotenderera imhanye mumamiriro akagadzikana uye akaenzana, uye iwane zvinodiwa zvakanyatsonaka.

 

Mabheya emagnetic anoshanda anogona kukamurwa kuita ma "current control" uye "voltage control" zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekudzora, uye anogona kukamurwa kuita ma "radial magnetic bearings" uye "axial magnetic bearings" zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekutsigira. Parizvino, pakati pemabheya emagnetic anoshanda, anonyanya kushandiswa i "DC controlled magnetic bearing".

 

Chikamu chemuchina che "active magnetic bearing" chinowanzo umbwa ne "radial bearing" ne "axial bearing", uye "radial bearing" inoumbwa ne "stator" (electromagnet) ne "rotor"); "Axial bearing" inoumbwa ne "stator" (electromagnet) ne "thrust plate".

 

Nekuti active magnetic bearing ine zvakanakira zve rotor position, kuomarara kwebearing uye damping zvinogona kutsanangurwa ne control system, ndiyo yave ichinyanya kushandiswa mumunda we magnetic levitation, uye tsvakiridzo ye active magnetic bearing yagara iri iyo inonyanya kutariswa mu magnetic levitation technology research. Mushure memakore ekushanda nesimba, magadzirirwo ayo uye nzira dzayo zvave kukura zvakanyanya.

 

Simba remagineti risingashande

 

Senzira yekubata magineti, kutakura magineti kusingashande kune zvakwakanakira zvakasiyana, idiki muhukuru, haishandisi simba, uye iri nyore muchimiro. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemagineti asingashande nemagineti anoshanda ndewekuti yekutanga haina sisitimu yekudzora magetsi inoshanda, asi inoshandisa hunhu hwesimba remagineti pachayo kuburitsa shaft inotenderera. Parizvino, magineti asingashande anonyanya kushandiswa i magineti asingashande anoumbwa nemagineti asingashande. Magineti asingashande anogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: rudzi rwekudzora uye rudzi rwekusveta.

 

Mabheya emagneti asingachinji anogona kushandiswa semabheya eradial uye mabheya ethrust (axial bearings), ese ari maviri anogona kudhonza kana kudzinga. Zvichienderana negwara remagnetization uye nzvimbo yeringi remagnetic, mabheya emagneti asingachinji ane akasiyana-siyana ezvimiro zvemagnetic circuit. Asi kune zvimiro zviviri zvepakutanga.

 

Rumwe rudzi rwe "passive magnetic bearing" rwakavakirwa pa "suction force", iyo inoshanda pakati pe "magnetized soft magnetic components". Kana "rotor component" ichifamba ne "radially", "suction effect" inobva mukuchinja kwe "magnetoresistance", saka inonziwo "magnetoresistive bearing". Rudzi urwu rwe "bearing" runogona kugadzirwa kuitira kuti chikamu che "permanent magnet" chisatenderere, uye chikamu che "soft iron" chete ndicho chinotenderera, kuitira kuti system ive nekugadzikana kuri nani.

 

Kusanganiswa kwemhedzisiro yekudzikamisa yemabearings ekuramba uye active solenoids kunoita kuti system yemagineti ive nesimba shoma.

 

Mabheyaringi emagineti ehybrid

 

Mabheya emagineti ehybrid anoumbwa zvichibva pamabheya emagineti anoshanda, mabheya emagineti asingashande uye mamwe maumbirwo ekutsigira uye kugadzikana - rudzi rwesystem yekubata magineti yakabatana. Inotora hanya nehunhu hwakazara hwemabheya emagineti anoshanda uye mabheya emagineti asingashande.

 

Simba remagineti rehybrid rinoshandiswa nekushandisa simba remagineti rinogadzirwa nemagneti rekugara kwenguva refu kutsiva simba remagineti restatic bias re electromagnet, iro risingangoderedzi zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba re amplifier, asiwo kuderedza huwandu hwema ampere turns e electromagnet nehafu, kuderedza vhoriyamu yesimba remagineti, uye kuvandudza kugona kwekutakura mutoro.

 

Sezvo simba remagineti re bias richigadzirwa nemagneti inogara iripo uye simba remagineti rinodzorwa richigadzirwa ne electromagnet, magineti anogara aripo anobvisa magineti e hybrid ane mabheyara anotevera:

 

1) Magineti inogara iripo inoshandiswa kupa simba remagineti rinoita serisingachinji, uye magineti emagetsi anongopa simba remagineti rekudzora kuti rienzanise mutoro kana kupindira kwekunze, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nemagetsi anochinja-chinja ehurongwa uye kuderedza kupisa kwecoil.

 

2) Huwandu hwekutenderera hunodiwa pamagetsi emagetsi ehybrid magnetic bearing hudiki zvikuru pane hwe active magnetic bearing, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza huwandu hwemagnetic bearing uye kuchengetedza zvinhu. Rudzi urwu rwebearing rune zvakanakira saizi diki, huremu hwakareruka uye kushanda zvakanaka, uye rwakakodzera kushandiswa mudiki uye kushandiswa mudiki.